后端环境搭建

• 下载扩展

  • pip install django==2.1.14
  • pip install pymysql
  • pip install djangorestframework

• 创建项目

  • djang-admin startproject book

• 创建应用

  • python manage.py startapp app01

• 配置文件

  import os
  # Build paths inside the project like this: os.path.join(BASE_DIR, ...)
  BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))
  # Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
  # See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/deployment/checklist/
  # SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
  SECRET_KEY = 'p(jvzf*_8qu$_ll63)#b2$awb!oy3jr01k4@p60_x3(47mrlu4'
  # SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
  DEBUG = True
  ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
  # Application definition
  INSTALLED_APPS = [
      'django.contrib.admin',
      'django.contrib.auth',
      'django.contrib.contenttypes',
      'django.contrib.sessions',
      'django.contrib.messages',
      'django.contrib.staticfiles',
      'rest_framework',
      'book'
  ]
  MIDDLEWARE = [
      'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
      'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
      'django.middleware.locale.LocaleMiddleware',
      'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
      # 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
      'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
      'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
      'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
  ]
  ROOT_URLCONF = 'tutorial.urls'
  TEMPLATES = [
      {
          'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
          'DIRS': [os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'templates')]
          ,
          'APP_DIRS': True,
          'OPTIONS': {
              'context_processors': [
                  'django.template.context_processors.debug',
                  'django.template.context_processors.request',
                  'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
                  'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
              ],
          },
      },
  ]
  WSGI_APPLICATION = 'tutorial.wsgi.application'
  # Database
  # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/ref/settings/#databases
  DATABASES = {
      'default': {
          'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
          'NAME': 'tutorial',
          'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
          'PORT': 3306,
          'USER': 'root',
          'PASSWORD': 'ocnt-123',
          'OPTIONS':{
                  "init_command":"SET foreign_key_checks = 0;",
          }
      }
  }
  # Internationalization
  # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/topics/i18n/
  LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-hans'
  TIME_ZONE = 'Asia/Shanghai'
  USE_I18N = True
  USE_L10N = True
  USE_TZ = False
  # Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
  # https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/2.1/howto/static-files/
  STATIC_URL = '/static/'
  

• 路由文件

  • book/urls.py

    from django.contrib import admin
    from django.urls import path,include
    
    urlpatterns = [
        path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
        path('book/', include('book.urls')),
    ]
    

  • app01/urls.py

    from django.urls import path,re_path
    from . import views
    urlpatterns = [
        path('book/',views.BookView.as_view()),
    ]
    

• 视图文件

  • views.py

    from rest_framework.views import APIView
    from rest_framework.response import Response
    
    class BookView(APIView):
      def get(self,request):
        return Response({
          'status':200
        })